Streamline simulation of wateroil displacement in a heterogeneous. The oilwater transition zone, for example, is the zone between wateronly flow and oilonly flow. Reservoir engineering is a branch of petroleum engineering that applies scientific principles to the fluid flow through porous medium during the development and. With the blueback reservoir engineering toolbox you are just one button click away from performing common operations that enhance your reservoir simulation workflows.
Capillarity or capillary action is the ability of a narrow tube to draw a liquid upwards against the force of gravity engineering toolbox resources, tools and basic information for engineering and design of technical applications. Numerical modelling and automated history matching in scal for. This discipline is devoted to evaluating field performance. Capillary pressure curves directly determine the irreducible water saturation. Accumulation of hydrocarbon in a reservoir is a drainage process and production by aquifer drive or waterflood is an imbibition process. The prediction of reservoir initial fluid saturations. The relationship between capillary pressure and saturation plays an important role in many applications of porous materials, such as inkjet printing rosenholm, 2015, water flow in hygienic products diersch et al.
You will learn how to build integrated interpretation workflows to provide input to your static reservoir model. By ignoring the fracture capillary pressure, equation. The value of core data is only realized when all related data acquired from the core samples is included in the analysis e. The capillary pressure curve is different for these two processes, as shown in the illustration at the right. The first two of these are the porosity of the reservoir rock, which defines the total volume available for hydrocarbon.
The capillary pressure is dependent on the interfacial tension, pore size, and wetting angle. If you know the rock quality, namely porosity and permeability of the rock at a certain depth. Capillary pressure is used to determine the initial water saturation wetting phase in a reservoir. Determining the effect of neglecting capillary pressure on. Simulation interpretation of capillary pressure and relative permeability. Capillary pressure,petrophysics lecture 4, petroleum. Reservoir simulation models in production forecasting petrowiki. Petrel reservoir engineering core schlumberger software. Basics of reservoir simulation with the eclipse reservoir simulator. Through reservoir modeling studies, reservoir engineers endeavor to increase hydrocarbon production and maximize exploration and production assets. Petroeng 3025 reservoir engineering course outlines. Darcys law and applications, permeability, relative permeability capillary pressure, wettability and fluid flow through the porous medium. Capillary pressuresaturation relationships for porous. What is the importance of feeding the reservoir simulator with the.
We present an algorithm for calculating the phase envelope of multicomponent mixtures in the presence of capillary pressure. The software lets you start from a static 3d geological model and add dynamic data to create simulation models. Methods for measuring the relationship are discussed in measurement of capillary pressure and relative permeability. Production engineering lab provides materials to investigate produced fluid treatment and separation problems. Capillary pressure is the most fundamental rockfluid property in multiphase flow, just as porosity and permeability are for single phase flow in oil and gas reservoirs. The importance of capillary pressure in reservoir studies is that many reservoir rocks can be approximated by a bundle of capillaries, with formation water being the wetting phase and hydrocarbons the nonwetting phase. Capillary pressure is usually included in reservoir simulation studies. The shape of the curve depends on pore sizes, size distribution, and fluid properties. Oil and gas well performance and how is linked to reservoir engineering. The importance of capillary pressure inclusion and accuracy. Mapping software is used to convert the digitized contour maps to an. Eclipse is a software package developed by schlumberger ltd. Reservoir engineers use relative permeability and capillary pressure relationships for estimating the amount of oil and gas in a reservoir and for predicting the capacity for flow of oil, water, and gas throughout the life of the reservoir. Most capillary pressure graphs show only the drainage curve.
In simulation, the capillary pressure and relative permeability data are treated. The data is about a given reservoir which is studied for, the curvature and capillary. P c p nwt p wt capillary pressure definition where. Impes reservoir simulation method, the pressure distribution is. Relative permeability and capillary pressure petrowiki. Simulation models from the late 1950s to the present have accounted for viscous pressure drop, gravity forces, and capillary pressure. Each module has a duration of two days with emphasis on different aspects of reservoir characterisation, the ultimate goal being the preparation of optimal formation and rock property data from core analysis and other data sources for the purpose of static geological modelling and dynamic reservoir simulation. In a reservoir consisting of two fluid phases, oilwater, gasoil, or gaswater capillary pressures and relative permeabilities must be specified. Reservoir fluids are multicomponent mixtures in confined spaces, where the role of capillary force becomes important when the average pore size is on the order of tens of nanometers, such as in tight rocks and shale. Capillary pressure data are not only important for obtaining reservoir rock properties such. Reservoir simulation models are often referred to by types of models. Nov 30, 2015 honors project for eme 303 fluid mechanics in energy and mineral engineering.
With this understanding, reservoir engineers can avoid drilling into free water, determine compartmentalization and identify zones that are in communication. Phase envelope calculations for reservoir fluids in the. Journal of petroleum science and engineering, 2010. Rocks have a distribution of pore throat sizes, so as more pressure is applied to the nonwetting phase, increasingly smaller pore openings are invaded. The techlog wellbore software platform provides unique capabilities to integrate all. As ancillary data for assessment of relative permeability data. Instrumentation includes a 220 kip load frame and testing center and a triaxial cell. Petrel reservoir engineering and eclipse simulator improve. What is the importance of feeding the reservoir simulator. Capillary pressure and saturation height model concepts for reservoir petrophsyics course is a vilt virtually instructor led training delivered in real time. Pdf simulation interpretation of capillary pressure and relative.
Sensor is a generalized 3d numerical model used by engineers to optimize oil and gas recovery processes through simulation of compositional and black oil fluid flow in single porosity, dual porosity, and dual permeability petroleum reservoirs. Determining the relative water saturations and height above free water is a critical step in understanding the subsurface and defining an efficient drilling program. Capillary pressure is one of input data in reservoir simulation process which should be considered in history matching procedures. Brief overview of capillary theory, lab techniques, converting data from lab values to reservoir capillary pressure and height above free water and saturation height model concepts based on petrophysical rock types. Once production or injection commences, fluid movement is controlled by the relative permeability of each phase except at very low velocities where the effects of capillary pressure are important. Techlog reservoir engineering schlumberger software. Capillary pressure petroleum engineering software application. Capillary pressure data are important because the capillary is the primary force beside gravity, viscous, diffusive and applied forces that control fluid flow and distribution in the reservoir rock.
Any subsurface professional that is using capillary pressure data in petrel or techlog. Gas is always the nonwetting phase in both oilgas and water. Relative permeability and capillary pressure saturation functions are essential to. The liquid in the original fully saturated sample is expelled through the porous plate. A prediction model of the capillary pressure jfunction plos. Know and be able to use company or commercial simulation software to characterize the reservoir, history match, and predict future performance. In such a context, some of the tasks of the reservoir engineer in charge of. With this understanding, reservoir engineers can avoid drilling into free water. Eclipse reservoir simulation software and minitab statistical software. Reservoir relative permeability and capillary pressure, as a function of saturation, is important for assessing reservoir hydrocarbon recovery, selecting the well completion method, and determining the production strategy because they are fundamental inputs to reservoir simulation for predicting lifetime production of a well. Wettability effects on capillary pressure, relative.
This paper is going to study the role of capillary pressure by using a black oil software named imex. Capillary pressure by cgg petroleum software directory. The role of capillarypressure in improving the numerical. In this course, you will learn how to handle, prepare and interpret core and petrophysical data from a wellbore centric perspective. Determine areas of the reservoir that are unswept or inefficiently drained and identify new well locations with geological input. Capillary pressure and saturation height model concepts for. Basic reservoir engineering virtual, blended delivery br.
The capillary pressure jfunction is a dimensionless measure of the capillary pressure of a fluid in a porous medium. The basic reservoir engineering blended program is designed to help the participants develop a more complete understanding of the characteristics of oil and gas reservoirs, from fluid and rock characteristics through reservoir definition, delineation, classification, development, and production. How we can determine average pore size using imagej software in fesem. Figure 1 shows a sketch of a typical capillary pressure relationship for gas invading a porous medium that is initially saturated with water. The relationship between capillary pressure and elevation is used to establish the initial transition zone in the reservoir. Wettabilities of reservoir systems are categorized by a variety of names. Feb 15, 2018 be familiar with the concept of capillary pressure for tubes as well as porous media and be able to derive the capillary pressure relation for fluid rise in a tube.
The applied reservoir engineering blended program represents the core of the petroskills reservoir engineering program and the foundation for all future studies in the subject. Figure 2 a pseudorelative permeability and b capillary pressure curves calculated. Capillary pressure data can be transformed into capillary pressure models in the techlog platform using a variety of mathematical functions and fit. Project work has included reservoir engineering and simulation for unconventional reservoirs, high temperature high pressure gas, gas condensate recycling, ranking of geologic models using streamline simulation, enhanced oil recovery and naturally fractured reservoirs. Capillary pressure petroleum reservoir mechanical engineering. These equations show that capillary pressure increases with greater height above the free surface and with smaller capillary size. Incorporation of these new relative permeability and capillary pressure measurements into a simulation model for a rotliegend reservoir in the southern north sea can explain the reported 3700 psi.
If the wettability of the system is known, then the capillary pressure will always be positive if it is defined as the difference between the pressures in the nonwetting and wetting phases. Capillary pressure and saturation height model concepts. Some systems are strongly waterwet, while others are oilwet or neutrally wet. The capillary pressure curve is important for understanding saturation distribution in the reservoir and affects imbibition and multiphase fluid flow through the rock. How is a capillary pressure curve used to determine the. The alamein reservoir engineering team coordinated access to the workover history reports and used the eclipse simulator s pressure volume temperature index to generate the new representative equationofstate model that simulated a predictive pvt model, taking into account reservoir fluid behavior with water injection. Department of petroleum engineering, university of ibadan, ibadan 200284, nigeria. Capillary pressure reservoir engineering pe02 studocu. The relative importance of each is problemdependent, rendering general rules of questionable value.
P c capillary pressure p nwt pressure in nonwetting phase p wt pressure in wetting phase one fluid wets the surfaces of the formation rock wetting phase in preference to the other nonwetting phase. Be familiar with the concept of capillary pressure for tubes as well as porous media and be able to derive the capillary pressure relation for fluid rise in a tube. Numerous engineering practices are covered, ranging from fluid and rock properties to simulation and field development planning. Applied reservoir engineering virtual, blended delivery. Reservoir engineering for android free download and. A method for desaturating a core sample by placing one end in capillary contact with a porous plate and applying gas or oil under pressure to the remaining surfaces. Estimation of capillary pressure and relative permeability.
Use our suite of development software solutions for an integrated asset approach to modeling the hydrocarbon pathway. The worlds fastest and most robust fullphysics reservoir simulator. Request software download credentials and assistance with setting up user. Honors project for eme 303 fluid mechanics in energy and mineral engineering. Reservoir engineering realizing value from the significant investment made in the acquisition of dataespecially core datais a common challenge for many reservoir engineers. The petrel reservoir engineering core provides a complete environment for pre and postprocessing simulation workflows. The course will be taught in 4 hour sessions over a 3 day period and is delivered using the webex platform. Wettability effects on capillary pressure, relative permeability, and. What are the factors helping fluid flow in the reservoir. The permeability of the reservoir rock can alter the capillary pressure curve. Crains petrophysical handbook capillary pressure pc.
Capillary pressure is the pressure difference existing across the interface separating two immiscible fluids. Using capillary pressure, geoscientists evaluate well logs and cores from multiple. About the sensor reservoir simulator coats engineering. Techlog for reservoir engineers schlumberger software. Material testing lab this lab is designed for handson rock strength and constitutive properties testing.
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